HANDBOOK PERRY'S CHEMICAL ENGINEERINGS SEVENTH EDITION 1999

ABOUT THE EDITORS

The late Robert H. Perry served as chairman of the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Oklahoma and program director for graduate research facilities at the National Science Research Foundation. He was a consultant to various United Nations and other international organizations. From 1973 until his death in 1978 Dr. Perry devoted his time to a study of the cross impact of technologies within the next half century. The subjects under his investigation on a

global basis were energy, minerals and metals, transportation and communications, medicine, food production, and the environment.

Don W. Green is Chair and the Deane E. Ackers distinguished professor of chemical and petroleum engineering and codirector of the Tertiary Oil Recovery Project at the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas, where he has taught since 1964. He received his doctorate in chemical engineering in 1963 from the University of Oklahoma, where he was Dr. Perry’s first doctoral student. Dr. Green has won several teaching awards at the University of Kansas, and he is a fellow of the AIChE and a distinguished member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers. He is the author of numerous articles in technical journals.

PLANT DESIGN AND ECONOMICS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING FOURTH EDITION KLAUS D. TIMMERHAUS AND MAX S. PETERS

ABOUTTHEAUTHORS

MAX S. PETERS is currently Professor Emeritus of Chemical Engineering and Dean Emeritus of Engineering’ at the University of Colorado at Boulder. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in chemical engineering from the Pennsylvania State University, worked for the Hercules Power Company and the Treyz Chemical Company, and returned to Penn State for his Ph.D. Subsequently, he joined the faculty of the University of Illinois, and later came to the University of Colorado as Dean of the College of Engineering and Applied Science and Professor of Chemical Engineering. He relinquished the position of Dean in 1978 and became Emeritus in 1987.

Dr. Peters has served as President of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, as a member of the Board of Directors for the Commission on Engineering Education, as Chairman of the President’s Committee on the National Medal of Science, and as Chairman of the Colorado Environmental Commission. A Fellow of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Dr. Peters is the recipient of the George Westinghouse Award of the American Society for Engineering Education, the Lamme Award of the ASEE, the Award of Merit of the American Association of Cost Engineers, the Founders Award of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, and the W. K. Lewis Award of the AIChE. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering.

PRA RENCANA PABRIK BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JARAK DENGAN PROSES TRANSESTERIFIKASI

ABSTRAK

Biodiesel dari minyak jarak merupakan minyak yang telah melalui proses transesterifikasi secara konversi dari trigliserida menjadi alkyl alkohol melalui reaksi dengan alkhol menghasilkan produk samping yaitu gliserin menjadi kandidat sumber gugus alkil adalah methanol sebagai pereaksi, NaOH sebagai katalis, HCL sebagai penetral PH metal ester, activated carbon sebagai bleabcing agent pada gliserin.

Adapun kondisi reaksi yang mempengaruhi konversi serta perolehan biodiesel melalui transesterifikasi adalah sebagai berikut pengaruh air dan asam lemak bebas, perbandingan molar alkohol dengan bahan mentah, jenis alkohol, jenis katalis, metalisis crude dan refined minyak nabati, temperatur serta dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar pengganti solar untuk mesin putaran cepat seperti mobil. Utilitas merupakan salah satu bagian yang sangat penting untuk menunjang jalannya proses produksi yang diperlukan pada pabrik minyak jarak ini yaitu air = 4044,0509 kg/jam, steam 1148,02804 kg/jam, listrik 110,635 kWh, bahan bakar = 1206,7824 l/hari.

PRA RENCANA PABRIK KARBON AKTIF DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA (Berkapasitas 2000 ton/tahun)

ABSTRAK

Karbon aktif adalah suatu bahan padat berpori yang merupakan hasil pembakaran bahan yang mengandung karbon. Karbon aktif dapat diproses melalui proses karbonisasi dan aktifasi. Pabrik karbon aktif direncanakan berdiri di Mbay Flores NTT. Dari hasil perhitungan analisa ekonominya diperoleh nilai TCI= Rp. 38.828.033.139, BEP = 48,82%, POT = 2,25 tahun, IRR = 32,07%, ROI sebelum pajak = 49,30% dan ROI setelah pajak = 34,32%. Berdasarkan hasil analisa ekonomi diatas, maka pabrik karbon aktif dengan kapasitas 2000 ton/tahun layak untuk didirikan.